Publications

Structural bases for Na+-Cl- cotransporter inhibition by thiazide diuretic drugs and activation by kinases

Zhao Y, Schubert H, Blakely A, Forbush B, Smith MD, Rinehart J, Cao E.
Nat Commun. 2024 Aug 14;15(1):7006.

Cilia-enriched oxysterol 7β,27-DHC is required for polycystin ion channel activation.

Ha K, Mundt-Machado N, Bisignano P, Pinedo A, Raleigh DR, Loeb G, Reiter JF, Cao E, Delling M.
Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 31;15(1):6468.

Cation Chloride Cotransporter NKCC1 Operates through a Rocking-Bundle Mechanism

Ruiz Munevar MJ, Rizzi V, Portioli C, Vidossich P, Cao E, Parrinello M, Cancedda L, De Vivo M.
J Am Chem Soc. 2024 Jan 10;146(1):552-566.

Structural Pharmacology of Cation-Chloride Cotransporters

Zhao Y, Cao E.
Membranes (Basel). 2022 Nov 29;12(12):1206.

Structure of the human cation-chloride cotransport KCC1 in an outward-open state

Zhao Y, Shen J, Wang Q, Ruiz Munevar MJ, Vidossich P, De Vivo M, Zhou M, Cao E.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Jul 5;119(27):e2109083119.

Structural basis for inhibition of the Cation-chloride cotransporter NKCC1 by the diuretic drug bumetanide

Zhao Y, Roy K, Vidossich P, Cancedda L, De Vivo M, Forbush B, Cao E.
Nat Commun. 2022 May 18;13(1):2747.

The heteromeric PC-1/PC-2 polycystin complex is activated by the PC-1 N-terminus

Kotdaji Ha, Mai Nobuhara, Qinzhe Wang, Rebecca V Walker, Feng Qian, Christoph Schartner, Erhu Cao, Markus Delling
eLife. 2020; 9: e60684
Published online 2020 Nov 9

Molecular dysregulation of ciliary polycystin-2 channels caused by variants in the TOP domain

Vien TN, Wang J, Ng LCT, Cao E, DeCaen P
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Apr 24

Structure of the human cation–chloride cotransporter NKCC1 determined by single-particle electron cryo-microscopy

Xiaoyong Yang, Qinzhe Wang & Erhu Cao
Nature Communications volume 11, Article number: 1016 (2020)

Hydrophobic pore gates regulate ion permeation in polycystic kidney disease 2 and 2L1 channels

Wang Zheng, Xiaoyong Yang, Ruikun Hu, Ruiqi Cai, Laura Hofmann, Zhifei Wang, Qiaolin Hu, Xiong Liu, David Bulkey, Yong Yu, Jingfeng Tang , Veit Flockerzi, Ying Cao, Erhu Cao & Xing-Zhen Chen
Nature Communications. (2018) 9:2302.

The Structure of the Polycystic Kidney Disease Channel PKD2 in Lipid Nanodiscs

Shen PS, Yang X, DeCaen PG, Liu X, Bulkley D, Clapham DE, Cao E
Cell. 2016 Oct 20;167(3):763-773.

Earlier Research

TRPV1 structures in nanodiscs reveal mechanisms of ligand and lipid action

Gao Y, Cao E, Julius D, Cheng Y
Nature. 2016 Jun 16;534(7607):347-51.
PMID: 27281200

Single particle electron cryo-microscopy of a mammalian ion channel

Liao M, Cao E, Julius D, Cheng Y.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2014 Aug;27:1-7.
Epub 2014 Mar 25. Review.
PMID: 24681231

TRPV1 structures in distinct conformations reveal activation mechanisms

Cao E, Liao M, Cheng Y, Julius D.
Nature. 2013 Dec 5;504(7478):113-8.
PMID: 24305161

Structure of the TRPV1 ion channel determined by electron cryo-microscopy 

Liao M, Cao E, Julius D, Cheng Y.
Nature. 2013 Dec 5;504(7478):107-12.
PMID: 24305160

TRPV1 channels are intrinsically heat sensitive and negatively regulated by phosphoinositide lipids

Cao E, Cordero-Morales JF, Liu B, Qin F, Julius D.
Neuron. 2013 Feb 20;77(4):667-79.
PMID: 23439120

Crystal structure of the complex between programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L2

Lázár-Molnár E, Yan Q, Cao E, Ramagopal U, Nathenson SG, Almo SC.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jul 29;105(30):10483-8. Epub 2008 Jul 18.
PMID: 18641123

Structure of CD84 provides insight into SLAM family function

Yan Q, Malashkevich VN, Fedorov A, Fedorov E, Cao E, Lary JW, Cole JL, Nathenson SG, Almo SC.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jun 19;104(25):10583-8. Epub 2007 Jun 11.
PMID: 17563375

T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 crystal structure reveals a galectin-9-independent ligand-binding surface

Cao E, Zang X, Ramagopal UA, Mukhopadhaya A, Fedorov A, Fedorov E, Zencheck WD, Lary JW, Cole JL, Deng H, Xiao H, Dilorenzo TP, Allison JP, Nathenson SG, Almo SC.
Immunity. 2007 Mar;26(3):311-21.
PMID: 17363302.

NTB-A receptor crystal structure: insights into homophilic interactions in the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule receptor family

Cao E, Ramagopal UA, Fedorov A, Fedorov E, Yan Q, Lary JW, Cole JL, Nathenson SG, Almo SC.
Immunity. 2006 Oct;25(4):559-70.
PMID: 17045824

Gene cluster responsible for validamycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. jinggangensis 5008 

Yu Y, Bai L, Minagawa K, Jian X, Li L, Li J, Chen S, Cao E, Mahmud T, Floss HG, Zhou X, Deng Z.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Sep;71(9):5066-76.
PMID: 16151088

Structural and functional analysis of the costimulatory receptor programmed death-1

Zhang X, Schwartz JC, Guo X, Bhatia S, Cao E, Lorenz M, Cammer M, Chen L, Zhang ZY, Edidin MA, Nathenson SG, Almo SC.
Immunity. 2004 Mar;20(3):337-47. Erratum in: Immunity. 2004 May;20(5):651.
PMID: 15030777