Publications
Epithelial sodium channels assemble in an orderly manner: Biology does not play dice.
Pellizzari S, Cao E.
Structure. 2025 Feb 6;33(2):215-217. PMID: 39919711
Structural basis for human NKCC1 inhibition by loop diuretic drugs
Zhao Y, Vidossich P, Forbush B, Ma J, Rinehart J, De Vivo M, Cao E.
EMBO J. 28 Jan 2025. PMID: 39875725
Structural bases for Na+-Cl- cotransporter inhibition by thiazide diuretic drugs and activation by kinases
Zhao Y, Schubert H, Blakely A, Forbush B, Smith MD, Rinehart J, Cao E.
Nat Commun. 2024 Aug 14;15(1):7006. PMID: 39143061
Cilia-enriched oxysterol 7β,27-DHC is required for polycystin ion channel activation
Ha K, Mundt-Machado N, Bisignano P, Pinedo A, Raleigh DR, Loeb G, Reiter JF, Cao E, Delling M.
Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 31;15(1):6468. PMID: 39085216
Cation Chloride Cotransporter NKCC1 Operates through a Rocking-Bundle Mechanism
Ruiz Munevar MJ, Rizzi V, Portioli C, Vidossich P, Cao E, Parrinello M, Cancedda L, De Vivo M.
J Am Chem Soc. 2024 Jan 10;146(1):552-566. PMID: 38146212
Structural Pharmacology of Cation-Chloride Cotransporters
Zhao Y, Cao E.
Membranes (Basel). 2022 Nov 29;12(12):1206. PMID: 36557113
Structure of the human cation-chloride cotransport KCC1 in an outward-open state
Zhao Y, Shen J, Wang Q, Ruiz Munevar MJ, Vidossich P, De Vivo M, Zhou M, Cao E.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Jul 5;119(27):e2109083119. PMID: 35759661
Structural basis for inhibition of the Cation-chloride cotransporter NKCC1 by the diuretic drug bumetanide
Zhao Y, Roy K, Vidossich P, Cancedda L, De Vivo M, Forbush B, Cao E.
Nat Commun. 2022 May 18;13(1):2747. PMID: 35585053
The heteromeric PC-1/PC-2 polycystin complex is activated by the PC-1 N-terminus
Ha K, Nobuhara M, Wang Q, Walker RV, Qian F, Schartner C, Cao E, Delling M.
eLife. 2020; 9: e60684. PMID: 33164752
Molecular dysregulation of ciliary polycystin-2 channels caused by variants in the TOP domain
Vien TN, Wang J, Ng LCT, Cao E, DeCaen P
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Apr 24. PMID: 32332171
Structural Mechanisms of Transient Receptor Potential Ion Channels
Cao E.
J Gen Physiol 2020. PMID: 31972006
Structure of the human cation–chloride cotransporter NKCC1 determined by single-particle electron cryo-microscopy
Xiaoyong Yang, Qinzhe Wang & Erhu Cao
Nature Communications volume 11, Article number: 1016 (2020). PMID: 32081947
Hydrophobic pore gates regulate ion permeation in polycystic kidney disease 2 and 2L1 channels
Zheng W, Yang X, Hu R, Cai R, Hofmann L, Wang Z, Hu Q, Liu X, Bulkley D, Yu Y, Tang J, Flockerzi V, Cao Y, Cao E, Chen XZ.
Nat Commun. 2018 Jun 13;9(1):2302. PMID: 29899465
The Structure of the Polycystic Kidney Disease Channel PKD2 in Lipid Nanodiscs
Shen PS, Yang X, DeCaen PG, Liu X, Bulkley D, Clapham DE, Cao E
Cell. 2016 Oct 20;167(3):763-773. PMID: 27768895
Earlier Research
TRPV1 structures in nanodiscs reveal mechanisms of ligand and lipid action
Gao Y, Cao E, Julius D, Cheng Y
Nature. 2016 Jun 16;534(7607):347-51.
PMID: 27281200
Single particle electron cryo-microscopy of a mammalian ion channel
Liao M, Cao E, Julius D, Cheng Y.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2014 Aug;27:1-7.
Epub 2014 Mar 25. Review.
PMID: 24681231
TRPV1 structures in distinct conformations reveal activation mechanisms
Cao E, Liao M, Cheng Y, Julius D.
Nature. 2013 Dec 5;504(7478):113-8.
PMID: 24305161
Structure of the TRPV1 ion channel determined by electron cryo-microscopy
Liao M, Cao E, Julius D, Cheng Y.
Nature. 2013 Dec 5;504(7478):107-12.
PMID: 24305160
TRPV1 channels are intrinsically heat sensitive and negatively regulated by phosphoinositide lipids
Cao E, Cordero-Morales JF, Liu B, Qin F, Julius D.
Neuron. 2013 Feb 20;77(4):667-79.
PMID: 23439120
Crystal structure of the complex between programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L2
Lázár-Molnár E, Yan Q, Cao E, Ramagopal U, Nathenson SG, Almo SC.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jul 29;105(30):10483-8. Epub 2008 Jul 18.
PMID: 18641123
Structure of CD84 provides insight into SLAM family function
Yan Q, Malashkevich VN, Fedorov A, Fedorov E, Cao E, Lary JW, Cole JL, Nathenson SG, Almo SC.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jun 19;104(25):10583-8. Epub 2007 Jun 11.
PMID: 17563375
T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 crystal structure reveals a galectin-9-independent ligand-binding surface
Cao E, Zang X, Ramagopal UA, Mukhopadhaya A, Fedorov A, Fedorov E, Zencheck WD, Lary JW, Cole JL, Deng H, Xiao H, Dilorenzo TP, Allison JP, Nathenson SG, Almo SC.
Immunity. 2007 Mar;26(3):311-21.
PMID: 17363302.
NTB-A receptor crystal structure: insights into homophilic interactions in the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule receptor family
Cao E, Ramagopal UA, Fedorov A, Fedorov E, Yan Q, Lary JW, Cole JL, Nathenson SG, Almo SC.
Immunity. 2006 Oct;25(4):559-70.
PMID: 17045824
Gene cluster responsible for validamycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. jinggangensis 5008
Yu Y, Bai L, Minagawa K, Jian X, Li L, Li J, Chen S, Cao E, Mahmud T, Floss HG, Zhou X, Deng Z.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Sep;71(9):5066-76.
PMID: 16151088
Structural and functional analysis of the costimulatory receptor programmed death-1
Zhang X, Schwartz JC, Guo X, Bhatia S, Cao E, Lorenz M, Cammer M, Chen L, Zhang ZY, Edidin MA, Nathenson SG, Almo SC.
Immunity. 2004 Mar;20(3):337-47. Erratum in: Immunity. 2004 May;20(5):651.
PMID: 15030777